Key terms for AS

SUMMARY OF KEY TERMS 

 

 

 

 

 Term 

 Definition 

 

 

 

 

 Abstraction 

 Removing unnecessary details 

 

 

 Algorithm 

 Step-by-step solution 

 

 

 BCD 

 Binary Coded Decimal 

 

 

 Bit 

 Binary digit (0 or 1) 

 

 

 Bitmap 

 Image made of pixels 

 

 

 Bus 

 Data transfer pathway 

 

 

 Cache 

 Fast memory for frequently used data 

 

 

 Client 

 Computer requesting services 

 

 

 CPU 

 Central Processing Unit 

 

 

 Database 

 Organized data collection 

 

 

 Decomposition 

 Breaking into sub-problems 

 

 

 DNS 

 Domain Name System 

 

 

 Encryption 

 Coding data for security 

 

 

 Ethernet 

 Network technology 

 

 

 Firewall 

 Security barrier 

 

 

 Gateway 

 Network connection point 

 

 

 GUI 

 Graphical User Interface 

 

 

 Hexadecimal 

 Base 16 number system 

 

 

 HTML 

 HyperText Markup Language 

 

 

 HTTP 

 HyperText Transfer Protocol 

 

 

 IP Address 

 Unique device identifier 

 

 

 LAN 

 Local Area Network 

 

 

 Lossless 

 Compression without data loss 

 

 

 Lossy 

 Compression with data loss 

 

 

 MAC Address 

 Unique hardware address 

 

 

 Malware 

 Malicious software 

 

 

 Modem 

 Modulator-Demodulator 

 

 

 Network 

 Connected computers 

 

 

 Normalization 

 Database organization process 

 

 

 Operating System 

 System software managing hardware 

 

 

 Pixel 

 Picture element 

 

 

 Protocol 

 Communication rules 

 

 

 Pseudocode 

 Simplified programming notation 

 

 

 Router 

 Network connection device 

 

 

 Server 

 Computer providing services 

 

 

 SQL 

 Structured Query Language 

 

 

 Subnet 

 Sub-network division 

 

 

 TCP/IP 

 Internet protocol suite 

 

 

 Topology 

 Network arrangement 

 

 

 Vector 

 Mathematically defined graphics 

 

 

 Virus 

 Self-replicating malware 

 

 

 WAN 

 Wide Area Network